Author(s) :

Дурумбетова Маргарита Маратовна, Ауезова Ардак Муханбетжановна, Баймуратова Майраш Аушатовна, Тулегенова Индира Маратовна.

Выпуск :

Описание :

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental condition frequently associated with oral health challenges. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of harmful oral habits in children with ASD and their impact on the development of dentoalveolar anomalies. A total of 76 children aged 6–15 years, residing in Almaty, were examined at the Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University. The cohort included 47 neurotypical children and 29 diagnosed with ASD. In addition, questionnaires were administered to 45 parents of children with ASD (aged 25–40 years) regarding harmful oral habits in their children. A high prevalence of functional disorders was identified, including oral breathing (52.5%), infantile swallowing (43.3%), and difficulties in mastication (47.5%). Harmful oral habits were also common: tongue interposition (57.3%), finger sucking (32.9%), lip biting (22.6%), and bruxism (10.8%). The most frequent dentoalveolar anomalies were distal occlusion (47.3%), vertical open bite (15.3%), and deep bite (7.8%). The findings confirm a high prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies among children with ASD, associated with psychoneurological features, functional impairments, and deleterious oral habits. The study highlights the importance of early preventive measures, targeted orthodontic screening, and specialized dental care tailored to the behavioral and psycho-emotional characteristics of this vulnerable population.

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